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According to Marija Gimbutas, the process of "Indo-Europeanization" of Europe was essentially a cultural, not a physical transformation. It is understood as Yamnaya migration to Europe as a military victors in terms of successfully imposing a new administrative system, language and religion upon the indigenous groups. The social organization greatly facilitated the Yamnaya people’s effectiveness in war, their patrilinear and patriarchal structure. The Old Europeans (indigenous groups) had neither a warrior class nor horses. They lived in (probably) theocratic monarchies presided over by a queen-priestess, this Old European social structure contrasted with Yamnaya Indo-European arrivals..................
Relatively little is known about the Pre-Indo-European linguistic landscape of Europe, except for Basque, as the "Indo-Europeanization" of Europe caused a largely unrecorded, massive linguistic extinction event, most likely through language-shift
According to Parpola, local elites joined "small but powerfull groups" of Indo-European speaking migrants.These migrants had an attractive social system and good weapons, and luxury goods which marked their status and power. Joining these groups was attractive for local leaders, since it strengthened their position, and gave them additional advantages.These new members were further incorporated by matrimonial alliances.
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[–] alalzia 0 points 4 points 4 points (+4|-0) ago
The past was female but then