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[–] Caboose_Calloway 0 points 1 point (+1|-0) ago 

7nm will be the last step in the ladder. After that it is not logic but more like statistics. That transistor might be turned on but there is a 25% chance it may not be. If you go smaller it gets even worse.

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[–] Turnip_Time 0 points 1 point (+1|-0) ago 

That transistor might be turned on but there is a 25% chance it may not be.

Is this caused by electrons leaking or something else entirely?

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[–] Ghetto_Shitlord 0 points 2 points (+2|-0) ago 

You get fun quantum effects, like electrons tunneling past closed gates, and circuits too small to properly carry an electron as well. Future efforts are to try to harness the quantum stuff to do calculations. Look up spintronics. This is where 1's and 0's are represented by electron spin, and is debatably considered the next step.

There are of course quantum computers, but that's a longer way off. One of the major issues is that by observing the quantum system, you may or may not change the result. There is a mod for minecraft called qcraft, that attempts to simulate these heady concepts on a macro scale, so it's easier to wrap your head around it.